Performance expectationUse mathematical or computational representations to predict the motion of orbiting objects in the solar system.
Emphasis is on Newtonian gravitational laws governing orbital motions, which apply to human-made satellites as well as planets and moons.
Mathematical representations for the gravitational attraction of bodies and Kepler’s Laws of orbital motions should not deal with more than two bodies, nor involve calculus.
Every item written to HS-ESS1-4 has to assess all three dimensions together, not the content alone. This is the structural change that made older practice material stop matching the exam.
Using Mathematics and Computational Thinking
Phenomenon stimulus, connected items across the required types, answer key, rubric and figures drawn deterministically from a structured spec — in the format your students will sit.